王阳明心学新关于.pdf

王阳明心学新论摘要自明代以来,对王阳明及其心学进行研究的学者颇多,观点有毁有誉。现当代的研究方法多样,得出了很多成果。但对王阳明哲学的研究不能仅用其著作和语录,而应该紧密结合其个人经历以及周围环境的变化。对其个体本身及其所处环境的变化与其哲学之所以产生之间关系的探讨,能够使其哲学更清楚地得到理解。王阳明哲学中的“良知”是极为重要的概念,它是人先天就有的,与“心”、“理”、“气”等概念有密切关系,是“静坐”、“知行合一”、“致良知”等教法的基础。王阳明的“心学”是其所处时代背景、家庭环境、家庭教育、个人志向、父亲地位、个人地位和个人经历合力产生的结果。“三教合一”是其思想产生的土壤,个人志向是其思想产生的动力,家庭的有意识和无意识教育因素决定了其思想的主要倾向,其个人的曲折经历是“心学”思想产生的促进和完善因素。王阳明“心学”不是主观唯心主义。它是一种一元论,这种一元论既不是唯物的,也不是唯心的,而是把心物一体即“心”或“理”与“气”一体之物当作最高存在。这其中的“心”(理)与“气”天然一体,不可分割,彼此不能独立存在。王阳明的“良知”包含了一种封建社会的伦理观,这是时代的局限性所造成的。王阳明“心学”的产生,既是宋明理学合理的发展,更是时代进步和社会危机的产物。关键词:王阳明:个人经历;心学;研究 Abstract Since theMing Dynasty,there have existed agood many scholars toresearch Wang Yangming and histhelearning of views embody rebuke and honor. The research approaches of present and contemporary are diverse,and many achievements have been we cannot only use theirworks and quotations to research Wang Yangming’S philosophy,and bine his personal experience closely,To discuss therelation between hispersonality and thecreation of hisphilosophy,his philosophy can begot understood more clearly. Wang Yangming’S liang zhi,namely the cognitive and affective faculty,is a very important concept in hisphilosophy,and itisinborn inhuman has extremely close relations with those concepts such ashear‘princ巾le and material force,and itisthefoundation ofWang’S teaching methods such as quiet setting, unityof knowledge and practice,causing Yangming’S thelearning ofmind istheproduction bined force ofWang’S living background,home environment,family education,his father’Sstatus,his personal ambition,status and unity口,three religions isthesoul thathisthought produced,his personal ambition isthepower who produces hisphilosophy,his family’S conscious and unconscious education factors had decided his thought’S main trend and his sinuous personal experiences are promoting and perfecting factors to the production ofthelearning of mind. Wang’S thelearning of mind is notsubjective ide