新编英语语法教程ppt课件.ppt

第1讲
动词的时和体（一）
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一般现在时的用法
1)表示不受时限的客观存在(包括客观真理,格言,科学事实 等)
Knowledge is power.
芝（知）士（识）就是力量。
Time and tide wait for no man.
岁月不饶人。
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My father doesn’t smoke.
He always sleeps with his windows open.
此法常与频度副词连用。如：always, ever, frequently, hardly ever, never ,occasionally, often,rarely, seldom, sometimes, usually等。
频度副词通常位于主动词之前，如果主动词是be则通常位于其后，也可为了强调而位于其前。
We often go swimming in summer.
The students (always) are always on time for class.
2)表示现在****惯动作
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A) 静态动词
表示现时状态通常都带有一定的持续性，因此只适用于静态动词。
I think… I like…
Eg:
What do you think, Leo?
What is the matter with you? You look pale.
I like white and blue.
3）表示现时状态和现在瞬间动作
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B) 实况报导
表示现在瞬间的动作通常只适用于表示短暂动作的动态动词，常用于体育运动的实况报导中，也常见于一些戏法表演、技术操作表演等的解说词中，以及一些专门用语或日常用语中。上述用法一般都用第一人称。
Eg:
Leo passes the ball to Summer; Summer shoots and the goal keeper leaps for it but –yes, it’s a goal.
这一用法也同样适用于戏法表演，技术操作表演等解说词中。
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4)表示将来时间
(A)这种用法分为2种句型，第1种是在 I hope, I bet 等后面的 that- 分句中可用一般现在时表示将来时间;
第2种句型是由if/when 引导的条件分句和时间分句。
I hope you have a good time.
I bet it rains tomorrow.
If it is sunny tomorrow, we will go to the park.
B) 既定事实
Tomorrow is Sunday.
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能用一般现在表示过去的动词有tell, say, hear, learn, gather 等.
一般用于转述别人不久前对自己说的话，尤其时所说的情况现在依然存在。
Eg:
Alice tells me you’re entering college next year.
I hear poor old Mrs Yang has lost her son.
5) 表示过去时间
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附特殊用法:
A) 表达某种情绪
I happen to drop in on her once and you make such an issue of it.
B) 死者言论著作,仍有影响
Darwin believes that natural selection is the chief factor in the development.
C) 不强调时间
No one is born an actor.
一般过去时的用法
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1) 表示过去时间,通常已成为过去,现在不存在
They had a baby last year.
Did you see him yesterday?
His father was an English teacher all his life.
2) 表示现在时间和将来时间
A) 委婉语气,want, wonder, think, hope
I wondered if you could give me some help.
B) 固定句型
It’s time…
It’s time you went to bed.
I wish…
I wish you lived closer to us.
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