现在分词讲解 PPT 可演示.ppt

现在分词用法归纳 modified by lex ?一、现在分词的结构?二、现在分词的结构含义?三、现在分词的句法功能?四、独立主格结构?五、现在分词的主动表被动含义知识提纲一、现在分词的结构一、现在分词的结构主动形式被动形式一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 否定式:在现在分词的前面直接加 not ? 。一般式用来指和谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生的行为;完成式( having + 过去分词)用来指在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。如: ? Being a student , he was interested in books. ? Having studied in university for 3 years, he knows the way very well. 二、现在分词的结构含义? 。当句子的主语是分词动作的承受者时,分词用被动语式;如果强调分词的动作先于谓语的动作,就用分词完成式被动形式。如: ? The question being discussed is important. ? Having been criticized by the teacher, Li Ming gave up smoking. ?【注】: being done 不能作状语? having been done 不能作定语?分词不管充当什么成分,都和所修饰的名词或者代词或者句子的主语形成主谓关系。? ?分词短语作定语时,分词短语放在被修饰的名词之后;单个分词作定语时,放在被修饰的名词之前。相当于定语从句。如: ? The man standing by the windows is our teacher. ( standing 和所修饰的 man 形成主谓关系) ? In the following years he worked even harder. 三、现在分词的句法功能〓 who is standing by the windows 〓 In the years that followed 【注】分词作前置定语(不同含义) 。 V-ing 表示他人他物令人感到怎么样。 V-ed 本身自己感到怎么样。 interesting , interested ; exciting, excited ; annoying, annoyed; amazing, amazed ; amusing, amused ; astonishing, astonished ; boring, bored; confusing, confused ; disappointing, disappointed; encouraging, encouraged ; embarrassing, embarrassed ; frightening, frightened ; inspiring, inspired He had a ________ ( terrifying, terrified ) look in his eyes. The boy answered in a ________ (frightening, frightened ) voice. terrified frightened His son was . The old man felt unhappy. His son was , so he regretted not having prepared much for the test. 2. 有些形容词化的分词表到不同的含义。 V-ing 表示动作正在进行。 V-ed 表示动作已完成,不表被动。 rising/risen, falling/fallen, developing /developed , changing/ changed, fading /faded , boiled/ boiling , drowning/ drowned China is a developing country. ( 发展中的) America is a developed country. (发达的) disappointing disappointed boiling water boiled water fading flowers faded flowers