金融英语.ppt

金融英语
THE VALUE OF MONEY
● Words and Expressions
claim against sb. 对…..的债权 honor 如期支付
fiat 法令命令 creditor 债权人
debt 债务 withdrawal 提款
interest 利息 rate of exchange 汇率
purchasing power 购买力 receipt 收据
check 支票 legal tender 法定货币
fractional reserve system 银行部分准备金制度
fiduciary money 信用货币 price index 价格指数
TEXT
specialization first emerged, perhaps as hunting and farming, hunters and farmers no doubt had little difficulty finding mutually beneficial trades.
当专业化开始出现时,可能是狩猎和耕作,猎户和农户毫无疑问在寻找互惠交易中遇到一些麻烦。
only might this double coincidence of want be hard to find, but after the two traders connect they would also need to agree upon a rate of exchange---that is, how many pots should be exchange for a pair of shoes?
不仅这种双方一致的交易欲望难以寻求(和满足),而且即使是双方联系(找到对方)以后,他们也需要就汇率达成一直——也就是,多少罐子可以交换一双鞋子?
Through repeated exchanges, traders may have found that there were certain goods foe which there was always a ready market.
通过反复的交易,交易者可能已经发现存在一些总是有备用(可用)市场的特定商品。
medium of exchange is anything that is generally accepted in return for goods and services sold. Corn is no longer an end but a means to an end.
交易中介是交换所出售商品和服务时被普遍接受的任何东西。玉米不是最终的交换物而是最终交换物的中介。
than having to quote rate of exchange for each good in terms of every other good, as was the case in the barter economy, the price of everything could be measured in terms of corn.
与以物易物的经济不同,那时每种货物都必须用其他货物标出它的交换率,而现在任何东西都可以用玉米计价。
serves as a medium of exchange is called money, no matter how it first came to serve as a medium of exchange, and no matter why it continues to serve this function.
任何充当交易中介的东西都可以被称为货币,无论它首次是如何充当货币交易中介的,也无论为什么它发挥这项功能。
goldsmith found that when money was held for many customers, deposits and withdrawals tended to balance out, so a pool of deposits remained in the safe at a fairly constant level.
金匠发现在为客户保护货币时,存款和取款往往相互冲销,这样保留在保险箱的存款余额还算是稳定。
system of keeping one’s money on deposit with the goldsmith was safer than leaving money where it could be easily stolen, b