动词语态(中考英语语法及练习题).doc

动词的语态
分类:主动语态和被动语态
被动语态:表示主语是动作的承受者,什么事情被主语做。被动语态的构成和形式被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成,一定要记住是及物动词。助动词必须与主语的人称和数一致,注意要与我们前一讲学过的八个时态配合使用。
适合被动语态的情况:
不知道动作由谁发出,或由于某种原因没有必要说明谁发出动作。如: This table is made of wood.
需要突出或强调动作的承受者时,如: This park was built for children.
注意:主动句中的主语如果是people,they,somebody等含糊的表示"人或人们",没有确指执行者是谁,为被动句时,通常省略"by+执行者"。如:The door was opened secretly. But nobody came in.
注意:
在主动句里,不定式在make,see,hear等动词后面作宾语补足语时都不带to,但变成被动句时,后面的不定式都需带to。如:He was made to do that work.
主动语态不能变被动语态的情况:学了被动语态,别以为主动句和被动句可以随意转换,千万要注意呀!有些主动语态不能转换成被动语态。当宾语是反身代词时, 如:You should take care of yourself. 当谓语是表状态的而不是表具体动作的及物动词时,如:Does the skirt suit you?
练****br/>1. The stars _______ in the daytime.
A. can't see B. can't be seen C. can't been see D. see
2. A present _______ to me by Mother next week.
A. will give B. is given C. will be give D. will be given
3. munist Party of China _______ in Shanghai in 1921.
A. was found
B. found
C. was founded
D. founded
4. Great changes _______ in my hometown since liberation.
A. have been taken place B. took place
C. have taken place D. were taken place
5. I was astonished (吃惊) to hear that the colour TV set _______ 5,000 yuan.
A. has cost B. cost C. costed D. was cost
6. He was seen _________ something from the shop.
A. steel B. to steal C. to be stolen D. stealed
7. She has _________ by her classmates.
A. laughed