翟万里.docx

河南农业大学本科生毕业论文(设计) 题目秸秆制取沼气全生命周期能量分析学院机电工程学院专业班级 09级热动与动力工程 2班学生姓名翟万里指导老师徐桂转撰写日期: 2013 年 5月 15日摘要在化石能源日渐匮乏、能源形势日益紧张的今天,人类寻找替代或辅助能源并提高能源利用效率的要求显得愈加迫切。结合我国国情,目前我国农作物秸秆资源总量丰富但利用水平较低,如能将其用于沼气发酵,不仅能解决当前因焚烧秸秆、滥用化肥而造成的环境污染,也能缓解能源紧张给社会带来的压力。运用生命周期分析与评价方法,通过物质、能量、经济等秸秆资源化利用的价值流和价值驱动力核算,首次对大型秸秆沼气集中供气示范工程进行了系统的生命周期评价,提供了大型秸秆沼气集中供气工程的能源流动、环境影响和经济性定量评价结果。关键词: 生命周期;评价;秸秆;沼气工程;预处理 Straw biogas production life-cycle energy analysis Abstract In today's increasingly scarce fossil energy, the energy situation is increasingly tense, the human search for alternative or auxiliary energy and improve energy efficiency requirements e increasingly urgent. Combined with China's national conditions, crop straw resources in China is rich in total but the use ofa lower level, such as it can be used for biogas fermentation, can not only solve the environmental pollution caused by straw burning, the abuse of chemical fertilizers, can ease the energy shortage to munity the pressure. The use of life-cycle analysis and evaluation methods, the straw resources of matter, energy, economic use value stream and value drivers accounting, the large straw concentration of methane gas demonstration project for the first time the system life cycle assessment provides a large straw concentration of methane gas projects, energy flows, quantitative evaluation of the environmental impact and economic results. Keywords: life cycle; evaluation; straw; biogas project; pretreatment n 目录 1引言.................................................................................................................................... 1 研究背景......................................................................................................................... 1 秸秆的产生和性质..................................................................................................... 1 秸秆的利用方式......................................................................................................... 3 秸秆的运输和收集.....................