Chapter2SpeechSounds教案.ppt

Chapter Two Chapter Two Speech Sounds Speech Sounds ?? As human beings we are capable of making all As human beings we are capable of making all kinds of sounds. kinds of sounds. ?? How many sounds can we produce? Are all of How many sounds can we produce? Are all of them are used in human language? them are used in human language? ?? only some of these sounds have e units in only some of these sounds have e units in the language system. the language system. ??We can analyze speech sounds from various We can analyze speech sounds from various perspectives and the two major areas of perspectives and the two major areas of study are study are ics ics and and phonology phonology . . ?? ics ics ?? ans ans ?? the IPA the IPA ?? consonants and vowels consonants and vowels ?? classification of English sounds classification of English sounds (description of sounds) (description of sounds) ?? Phonology Phonology ?? phonemes and allophones phonemes and allophones ?? phonological processes phonological processes ?? supra-segmental features supra-segmental features ics ics studies how speech sounds studies how speech sounds are produced, transmitted, and are produced, transmitted, and perceived. perceived. ics ics 语音学语音学 Speech production (A) Speech perception (B) Speech Transmission (sound waves) Figure The process of speech production and perception Three branches of ics Three branches of ics ?? Articulatory ics- Articulatory ics- ---from the ---from the speakers speakers ’’ point of view, point of view, ““ how speakers how speakers produce speech sounds produce speech sounds ””?? Auditory ics- Auditory ics- ---from the ---from the hearers hearers ’’ point of view, point of view, ““ how sounds how sounds are perceived are perceived ””?? Acoustic ics- Acoustic ics- ---from the ---from the physical way or means by which physical way or means by which sounds are transmitted from one to sounds are