Unit17兼语句的翻译.ppt

Unit 17 汉语句子的英译--兼语句的翻译什么是兼语句?定义:兼语句的谓语是由一个动宾结构和一个主谓结构嵌套在一起构成的。兼语句的谓语中前一个动宾结构的宾语兼作后一个主谓结构的主语。例如: ?我叫他来。?兼语句谓语的第二个中心语以动词为多,也可以是形容词、主谓短语或名词。如: 1、祝你身体健康,学****进步,工作顺利。?2、这个消息使他欣喜若狂。兼语句的翻译 1. make, have 等动词构成的英语的使役句可以用来翻译兼语句。首先,以 make 为例,可以用三种形式来表达汉语中的带“使”字的兼语句。 1) make +名词(代词) +动词不定式短语,+ ed分词短语,介词短语,名词短语,形容词或形容词短语。 a). 小说《红楼梦》使曹雪芹的名字在中国家喻户晓。 The novel, The Dream of Red Mansions, made the name of Cao Xueqin known throughout China. b). 正是这种决心使许多正直的人生活得有意义。 It was the determination that made life worth living for so many honest people. 2) make +形容词(短语) +名词短语。这是一种倒装结构。 a). 望远镜使人们能够观察遥远的星球。 The telescope made possible the observation of the far-off stars. b). 他们想使已经存在的服务项目能够面向更广大的公众。 They want to make wider their public services that already exist. 3) make + it +形容词+ 不定式短语(从句)。 a)网络使人们能更方便地和朋友交流。 made it more convenient for people to communicate with their friends. 2. have 句式?使役动词 have 通常用于 have sb . do sth .,表示的是“让……做……”以及 have sb . doing sth 以表示一种状态。?A)老师让孩子们站在黑板前。? The teacher had the children stand in front of the blackboard. ? B) 他父母让他寒假一直待在家。? His parents had him staying at home all the time in the winter vacation. 3. 其他使动意义的动词当兼语句的第一个动词是表示使令意义的动词,如“请、叫、派、逼、托、吩咐、促使、培养、带领、陪同、组织、号召、命令、劝说、告诫、鼓励、防止”等时,英译时,可采用不定式来充当第一个动词所带宾语的补足语。如: a)警察告诫罪犯不要耍花招。 The policeman cautioned the prisoners not to play any tricks. b) 组织委员会号召志愿者自告奋勇。 mittee is appealing for volunteers to step forward. 4. 动词+宾语+宾补(介词短语) ? 1). 我请他帮忙。? I asked him for help. ? 2). 家长们迫使他们的小孩更努力地学****The parents forced their children to work harder. ? 3). 向导带领我们来到河边。? The guide led us to the river. ? 4). 他的话使我想起了我的父亲。? His words put me in mind of my father. ? His words reminded me of my father. 5. 动词+宾语+宾补(名词) ? 1). 高物价和空气污染使这个城市成了不太适合居住的地方。? High prices and air pollution make this city an fortable place to live in. ? 2). 他们推选他做学生会主席。? They elected him as the Chairman of the Students Union. 6. 动词+宾语(兼主语) +宾补(形容词) ? 1) 我们必须使教室保持卫生清洁。? We must keep our classroom cl